Urea (CO(NH2)2) has been applied both in agricultural and pharmaceutical field. The Bosch-Meiser process widely used now results in high energy consumption and CO2 emission. Therefore, it is imperative to explore energy-saving and economical routes for urea synthesis under mild conditions.
After studying the effects of irradiation defects on the work function of graphene electrodes in thermionic energy converters (TECs), a research team found that the generation of defects in graphene through irradiation would increase the work function and reduce the electron emission capacity. This result led to a decrease in the power output and conversion efficiency of TECs.
According to a recent research published in Corrosion Science, scientists improved the corrosion resistance of China Low Activation Martensitic (CLAM) steel to lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) with applying rare earth element Ce.
Recently, researchers from the Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with ITER organization and the Southwest Institute of Physics (SWIP), carried out a study on the isotope effects of mixed plasma-driven co-permeation based on the first wall of Chinese Helium Cooled Ceramic Breeder (HCCB) test blanket module (TBM), which is made of CLF-1 Reduced Activation Martensitic/Ferritic (RAFM) steel.
Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common type of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit. Clinical diagnosis of VAP still depends on the results of microbial culture identification of lower respiratory tract specimens of suspected patients, which takes about 1~3 days. At present, there is no way to quickly determine the infection status of patients, and the initial anti-infection regimen can only rely on the experience of doctors, which leads to the abuse of antibiotics and the failure of initial treatment.