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Metallic Spin Supersolid Enables Ultralow-Temperature Refrigeration

Ultralow-temperature environments (below 1 kelvin, or -272.15 °C) are essential for quantum computation, precision measurement, and quantum matter studies involving large-scale scientific facilities under extreme conditions. Currently, mainstream dilution refrigeration technology for sub-kelvin cooling relies heavily on helium-3, a scarce isotope on Earth. This dependence constitutes a critical bottleneck for the...